Translation and progress of the language

language is the  very important way to develop the  human society, because the language can communicate un information anytime and anywhere, so  that  we could update technology, Literature, law and politics with some generations.

Today, we could find that many languages has relation with ancient  civilization.

civilization	period	language of type
Ancient Chinese Civilization	BC2000- BC1200	Ideograms
Indus Valley Civilization	BC3300- BC1300	Sanskrit
Mesopotamia	BC3500- BC2300	Sumerian
Egypt	BC3500- BC2000	Hieroglyph
Ancient Greece	BC800- AC600	Greek alphabet

In Western Europe

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GREEK LANGUAGE

The Greek language holds an important place in the histories of Europe, the more loosely defined "Western" world. Greek words have been widely borrowed into other Indo-European languages, that there are also influenced from Latin.
In 146 BC  in fact, with the establishment of Roman rule over Greek lands, Roman and Hellenic cultures were mixed.
(Roman Empire – From 27BC with Ottoviano Augusto  -  To 395 with Teodosio I).

ROMANCE LANGUAGES
The Romance languages comprise all the languages that descend from Latin, the language of ancient Rome.
Between 350 BC and AD 150, the expansion of the Empire, together with its administrative and educational policies, made Latin the dominant native language in continental Western Europe. 



ITALIAN
WIDE:  ampio
NARROW: stretto  




SPANISH
WIDE:  de ancho
NARROW: estrecha  


PORTUGUESE
WIDE:  larga
NARROW:  estreitas


FRENCH
WIDE: l'échelle  
NARROW:  étroite

BALTIC LANGUAGES
Baltic peoples resisted Christianization longer than any other Europeans(just in1530 was printed Catechism) which delayed the introduction of writing and isolated their languages.
During the years of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795), official documents were written in Polish, Ruthenian and Latin, with Lithuanian being mostly an oral language, with small quantities of written documents.
After the Partitions of Poland, much of the Baltic lands were under the rule of the Russian Empire, where the native languages were sometimes prohibited from being written down, or used publicly. from outside influence.

LITHUANIAN
WIDE: platus
NARROW:  siauras

LATVIAN
WIDE: mēroga
NARROW:  šaurs

GERMAN LANGUAGES
From Runic and Gothic alphabet, Christian priest who spoke and read Latin,  start  to write German Language with Latin Letter slightly modify.
The most widely spoken Germanic languages are English and German.


GERMAN
WIDE: breit
NARROW:  schmal




ALBANIAN LANGUAGES
The Albanian language is a distinct Indo-European language that does not belong to any other existing branch. It probably come from the language group daco-tracio, spoken in Dacia (Roman province from 106 to III century).
It shares lexical isoglosses with Greek, Balto-Slavic, and Germanic.


ALBANESE
WIDE: gjerë
NARROW:  i ngushtë

In Africa

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There are an estimated 2,000 languages spoken in Africa. Most languages spoken in Africa belong to one of three large language families: Afroasiatic, Nilo-Saharan, and Niger-Congo.

ARABIC LANGUAGE (the most important Afroasiatic language)

Arabic is a Central Semitic language. Arabic has more speakers than any other language in the Semitic language family. It is spoken by more than 280 million people as a first language, most of whom live in the Middle East and North Africa. t is the official language of 22 countries and it is the liturgical language of Islam since it is the language of the Quran, the Islamic Holy Book.
Arabic is often associated with Islam, but it is also spoken by Arab Christians. Some Muslims consider the Arabic language to be "the language chosen by God in which to speak to mankind".
A much more significant factor for most dialects is, as among Romance languages.


ARABIC
WIDE:   واسعة   (Wāsʻh)
NARROW:  ضيق   (Ḑyq)

In Asia

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Asian languages  base on antic language from  Ancient Chinese Civilization and Indus Valley Civilization, moreover After  post era, Religion   like Buddhism, Christ, Islam and Hindu changed many parts of language. Buddhism, Christ, Islam and Hindu changed many parts of language.






JAPANESE
wide : 広い(hiroi), big space for man
narrow : 狭い(semai), small space for man


CHINESE
wide : 寬(Kuān)
narrow : 窄(Zhǎi)


KOREA(NORTH and SOUTH)
wide : 넓은(neolb-eun) 
narrow : 폭이 좁은(pog-i job-eun)


VITNAMESE
wide : rộng
narrow : thu hẹp


INDIC
wide : विस्तृत(Vistr̥ta)
narrow :  संकीर्ण(Saṅkīrṇa)


TAILANDESE
wide : กว้าง(Kŵāng) 
narrow :  แคบ(Khæb)


INDONESIANO
wide : lebar
narrow : sempit


MALESE
wide : lebar
narrow : sempit


FILIPPINO
wide : malawak
narrow :  - makitid